Achieving sustainable mobility Achieving sustainable mobility Metropolitan areas all over the world are affected by the rise in transport needs that comes with urbanisation. This presents challenges in terms of congestion as well as emissions and pollution that affect both people and the environment. Much can be gained by reducing the number of vehicles and instead getting people to commute together. But to make that happen, the public transport system needs to be an attractive alternative for potential passengers, and to further reduce emissions, the system also has to consist of energy-efficient vehicles running on electricity or renewable fuels. Simply put, switch- ing to low-carbon vehicles will be crucial to create a transport system that stays within the environmental boundaries of this planet. lated a deep understanding and a knowledge base that allows us to develop buses and services that make sustainability go hand in hand with operating economy - which is needed to make sustainable transport happen on a wide scale. Further, it cannot be achieved through a single solution. We at Scania instead approach the chal- lenge from all angles, offering a wide range of efficient quality prod- ucts and services to meet the vary- ing needs in urban environments. Improving the environment requires cutting down on both global and local emissions Local Global Scania wants to be a frontrunner in this shift to sustainable transport. And we know that caring about the bigger picture means putting a lot of effort into the details. Over more than a century, we have accumu- PM NO x CO 2 1 2
Achieving sustainable mobility Electrified and RENEWABLY fuelled BUSES Bus traffic in and around cities is highly complex, combining many different needs. In inner cities, buses travel at relatively low speeds with frequent stops, and passengers often commute short distances. When it comes to suburbs and outer areas, the vehicles often travel at higher speeds with fewer stops, largely carrying passengers who travel longer distances. Taking a regional view regional traffic, fully electric is often not yet the most suitable solution. Instead, the biggest reductions can be reached with conventional or hybrid electric buses running on renewable fuels. Scania’s complete offering of fully electric, hybrid electric and renewably fuelled powertrains enables minimised environmental impact in all parts of a region - utilising the technology most suitable for the local conditions. When aiming to decarbonise a bus fleet, it is therefore crucial to have a regional view. Notably, most buses in metropolitan areas are not found in the inner city. Instead, suburban and regional traffic often account for a larger number of buses and a much larger part of fuel usage and emissions. Minimising emissions in the different parts of a metropolitan area is largely about analysing how this should best be done and what tech- nology is most suitable today. In some opera- tions – most notably in inner city traffic – fully electric buses represent the best choice for reducing emissions, assuming the electricity used is renewable. In other areas, such as in 35 % Region 55 % Suburb 10% Inner city These percentages show common distribution of vehicles and CO2 emissions in a public transport bus fleet serving a metropolitan area of more than a million inhabitants. Inner city Biodiesel/FAME HVO Suburb Biodiesel/FAME Region Biodiesel/FAME A wide portfolio of low-carbon vehicles. 3 HVO HVO Biogas Hybrid electric Fully electric Biogas Hybrid electric Fully electric Biogas Hybrid electric Implementing an electric bus system Compared to a bus system using only conventional powertrains, a system with fully electric buses needs to be optimised in a wider sense. The choice of vehicles needs to be thoroughly considered with regard to battery configuration and service life, operating range, energy consumption and performance, as well as passenger capacity. Careful traffic planning and management is also required, based on operational demands and harmonising with the charging infrastructure. Opportunity charging The bus is charged at the depot and heads out to the route, where it gets regular quick recharges at one or more strategic stops. The bus can operate on the route for as long as needed. Depot charging The bus is fully charged at the depot and drives to the route, where it operates until the battery runs low. It then turns back to the depot for a longer charging session before going back into operation. Bus specifications Charging infrastructure Operation and traffic planning Factors to consider for a bus system with fully electric buses. 4